Grundlage dieser Betrachtung liefern die Verteilung und die Dynamik der chemischen Elemente, Isotope und Molekülen. Dies reicht von der grundlegenden physikalischen, thermodynamischen und kinetischen Chemie hin zu den Interaktionen der marinen Chemie mit biologischen, geologischen und physikalischen Prozessen. Dieses umfasst sowohl anorganische und organische Chemie sowie Studien der atmosphärischen und terrestrischen Prozesse. Darüber hinaus beinhaltet die Chemische Ozeanographie Prozesse, die auf einer Vielzahl von räumlichen und zeitlichen Skalen auftreten: Von global zu lokal, von mikroskopischen zu makroskopischen Dimensionen und von geologischen Epochen zu kurzzeitigen Phänomenen.
The chemical composition of water in aquatic ecosystems is influenced by natural characteristics and processes including precipitation, underlying soil and bedrock in the drainage basin, erosion, evaporation, and sedimentation. All bodies of water have a certain composition of both organic and inorganic elements and compounds. Biological reactions also affect the chemical properties of water. In addition to natural processes, human activities strongly influence the chemical composition of aquatic systems and their water quality.
Classification of sedimentation:[2]
- Type 1 sedimentation is characterized by particles that settle discretely at a constant settling velocity, or by the deposition of Iron-Rich minerals to streamlines down to the point source. They settle as individual particles and do not flocculate or stick to each other during settling. Example: sand and grit material
- Type 2 sedimentation is characterized by particles that flocculate during sedimentation and because of this their size is constantly changing and therefore their settling velocity is changing. Example: alum or iron coagulation
- Type 3 sedimentation is also known as zone sedimentation. In this process the particles are at a high concentration (greater than 1000 mg/L) such that the particles tend to settle as a mass and a distinct clear zone and sludge zone are present. Zone settling occurs in lime-softening, sedimentation, active sludge sedimentation and sludge thickeners.
]]>